In recent years, the incidence rate of obesity has increased year by year, which has aroused widespread concern in the society. Long term obesity can lead to insulin resistance (IR), which has a further risk of type 2 diabetes. Since orentreich et al. Found that the methionine content in diet from 0.86% to 0.17% can increase the life span of 30% - 40%, the research on dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been increasing and deepening gradually. The research found that Mr has significant effects in reducing body weight, anti-inflammatory, reducing oxidative stress and increasing insulin sensitivity.
Jiangnan University Luo Tingyu, Yang Yuhui, Le Guowei, et al. From the State Key Laboratory of food science and technology and the school of food science of Jiangnan University, took C57BL / 6J mice as the research object, and used the high-fat diet induced obesity model to explore the protective effect of methionine restriction (MR) on the pancreas of mice induced by high-fat diet, so as to provide new ideas and reference for the diet strategies of obese, IR and diabetic people 。
1. Effects of MR on body mass, intake and energy intake of obese mice
210 male C57BL / 6J mice were randomly divided into control group (con, 0.86% (mass fraction, same below) methionine + 4% fat) 30 mice and high-fat diet group (HF, 0.86% methionine + 20% fat) 180 mice. After 10 weeks, 120 mice were randomly divided into HF group, high fat diet + methionine restriction group (HF+MR, 0.17% methionine +20% fat), normal diet group (C*, 0.86% methionine +4% fat), normal diet + methionine restriction group (C*+MR, 0.17% methionine +4% fat).
Compared with the con group, the body mass of the HF group was significantly increased (P < 0.05); the body mass of the HF + Mr group was significantly lower than that of the HF group (P < 0.05); the body mass of the c * group stopped increasing and showed a downward trend after 16 weeks; compared with the c * group, the body mass of the c * + Mr group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05).
2. Effects of MR on blood glucose, insulin level, HOMA-IR and oral glucose tolerance in obese mice
During 8-24 weeks, the fasting blood glucose level in HF group was significantly higher than that in con group (P < 0.05); compared with HF group, the fasting blood glucose level in HF + Mr group and c * group was significantly lower (P < 0.05); compared with c * group, the fasting blood glucose level in C * + Mr group was significantly lower (P < 0.05); although the blood glucose level in HF + Mr group was higher than that in C * + Mr group, it was lower in 8 There was no significant difference after weeks. Compared with con group, the fasting insulin level of HF group increased significantly at 8, 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05); compared with HF group, the fasting insulin level of HF + Mr group decreased significantly at 8, 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between C * group and c * + Mr group; in addition, at 24 weeks, the fasting insulin level of HF + Mr group and c * + Mr group had no significant difference There was no significant difference in fasting insulin level between the two groups.
3. Effect of MR on the morphology of pancreas in obese mice
The islets of mice in the con group were round, with clear cytoplasmic boundary, consistent islet β cell size and clear nuclear chromatin; compared with the con group, the islet β cells in the HF group were different in morphology and cytoplasmic boundary; compared with the HF group, the islets of mice in the HF + Mr group, the c * group and the c * Mr group were slightly heterogeneous, but the cytoplasmic boundary was clear.
4. Effect of MR on redox state of plasma in obese mice
At 16 and 24 weeks, the level of GSH PX in HF group was significantly lower than that in con group (P < 0.05), and the level of GSH PX in HF + Mr group was significantly higher than that in HF group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between C *, HF + Mr group and c * + Mr group. The GSH / GSSG in the plasma of HF + Mr group was significantly higher than that of HF group at 8, 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05); the GSH / GSSG of C * + Mr group was significantly higher than that of C * group at 8 weeks (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between 16 and 24 weeks.
5. Effect of MR on the redox state of pancreas in obese mice
There was no significant difference in the levels of GSH in pancreas between CON group, HF group and HF + Mr group. At 16 and 24 weeks, the levels of GSH in C * + Mr group were significantly lower than those in C * (P < 0.05). Compared with con group, GSH / GSSG of pancreas in HF group decreased significantly from 16 weeks (P < 0.05); GSH / GSSG of pancreas in HF + Mr group increased significantly from 24 weeks (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between HF + Mr group and c * + Mr group. At 16 and 24 weeks, T-AOC of pancreas in HF group was significantly lower than that in con group (P < 0.05), and T-AOC of pancreas in HF + Mr group was significantly higher than that in HF group (P < 0.05); at 8 weeks, T-AOC of pancreas in C * + Mr group was significantly higher than that in C * (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference at 16 and 24 weeks.
6. Effect of MR on the level of H2S in plasma and pancreas and the expression of genes related to the synthesis of H2S in pancreas of obese mice
At 16 and 24 weeks, the level of H2S in plasma and pancreas of mice in HF group was significantly lower than that of mice in con group (P < 0.05), and the level of H2S in plasma and pancreas of mice in HF + Mr group was significantly higher than that of mice in HF group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the level of H2S in plasma of mice in C * group, HF + Mr group and c * + Mr group; at 8 weeks, the level of H2S in pancreas of mice in C * + Mr group was significantly higher than that of mice in C * (P < 0.05), 16 and 24 weeks There was no significant difference in weeks. At 16 and 24 weeks, the expression of CBS mRNA in pancreas of HF group was significantly lower than that of con group (P < 0.05); at 8 and 16 weeks, the expression of CBS mRNA in pancreas of HF + Mr group was significantly higher than that of HF group (P < 0.05); at 8 and 24 weeks, the expression of CBS mRNA in C * + Mr group was significantly higher than that of C * (P < 0.05).
7. Effect of MR on the expression of stress related genes in pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum of obese mice
The expression of chop, IRE1 - α and XBP-1 mRNA in HF group was higher than that in con group, and the expression of chop gene was significantly increased in three cycles (P < 0.05), and the expression of IRE1 - α and XBP-1 was significantly increased in 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05); the expression of chop, IRE1 - α and XBP-1 in HF + Mr group was lower than that in HF group, and the expression of chop gene was 3 The expression of IRE1 - α and XBP-1 decreased significantly in 16 weeks and 24 weeks (P < 0.05). Compared with c * group and HF + Mr group, there was no significant difference in the expression of chop, IRE1 - α and XBP-1 mRNA in C * + Mr group, and there was no significant difference in the expression of BiP mRNA in different groups.
discuss
Diet MR can improve the imbalance of endoplasmic reticulum stress and redox state in pancreas tissue of obese mice induced by high-fat diet, reduce the apoptosis of pancreatic tissue cells, alleviate the damage of pancreatic tissue, promote the secretion of insulin in pancreas, and thus improve the IR and blood glucose levels of obese mice. This study provides a new way to improve IR and pancreatic injury induced by long-term obesity from the perspective of diet.
This paper "the effect of methionine restriction on the improvement of islet function damage in obese mice induced by high fat diet" comes from 41 Volumes 3, page 111-119, food science, 2019. The author: Luo Tingyu, Yang Yuhui, Xu Yuncong, Gao Qiuli, Shi Hui, Wu Guoqing, Le Guowei. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20181101-010。 Click below to read the original text.
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